I'm not Diana, but I can at least read.
"The skin belonged to a man who lived and died in South America "probably in the Afro-Ecuadorian population." The genes reveal the victim's ancestors were from West Africa, but his DNA profile matches that of modern populations from Ecuador with African admixture."
What the presence of West African genes means, James, is that the shrunken head was post-Columbus i.e. Post-Columbian, probably 17th century or later, and thus isn't from the pre-Columbian period which appears to be what you would need to justify your argument.
And white folks arrival in North America accidentally destroyed a host of civilizations of great vibrance and complexity. There's a Documentary called 400 Nations, which is a rough guess at the number of separate cultures which arose in North America following the last Ice Age, and before the beginning of the 16th Century.
The point isn't that all was sweetness and light before we arrived, its that our arrival, and our diseases wiped out more than 90% of the original inhabitants who were managing their cultures in no worse way than European cultures with their endless wars of religion. 90% is the conservative number. The population of North, Central and South America dropped from at least 30 million to fewer than 3 million in a space of 30 years. Great and remarkable cultures were wiped out, not by intention, but by the accident of imported disease. Of course the actions of Colonial powers like Spain Portugal and England weren't benign by any means, but their cruelties pale beside the genocide of disease, though that was entirely uninitentional.
Of course the native North Americans had an unintentional small revenge. They introduced siphyllis into the European population.
Rob
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